Key Light
This is the main light, and the most influential, it is normally placed to one side of the camera or subject. Making its side lit well and the other side have a shadow.
Fill Light
This is a secondary light and is placed opposite to the key light. It used to fill the shadow created by the key, but is less bright than the key.
Back Light
This light is placed behind the subject's rear, and is used for subtle highlights and subtle outlines. This helps separate the subject from the background, also creating a three dimensional look.

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